Stepper motor: principle of operation, circuit description, characteristics

Modern electrical engineering is used in a wide variety of devices, some of them are intended for automation of technological operations. That is a stepper motor. The principle of operation of the device and the device described in the article.

The so-called Electronic mechanical device, which serves to transmit a control signal to mechanical movement of the rotor. Each movement ends with a fixation in a strictly predetermined position. The device is angular or linear. It is worth remembering that a stepper motor, the principle of which will be described below, is a synchronous device.

Most often stepper motor coupler is controlled by a dedicated electronic circuit. It is powered only from an AC power source. Such engines are often used in circuits that require control of the rotational speed. This avoids the need to use expensive and complicated feedback loop, and motor protection becomes easier (you only need to provide rapid de-energizing). The principle of operation used in circuits with open communication. It should be remembered that this circuit (without feedback loop) favorable from the economic point of view, but it has some significant limitations. Thus, the rotation of the rotor is rather unstable, oscillatory, causing the frequency of rotation and other characteristics of movement in any case may not be as accurate as they are DC motors with feedback loop. To expand the scope of application of stepper motor is required to seek ways to reduce vibration.

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