MakeBlock presents the kit etching and laser cutting

Makeblock is a really interesting building system, which already had the fortune to try at Engadget Smart Home. With very different from other robotics kits approach, most of the parts are made of anodized aluminum and can do really remarkable and robust construction thanks to its design, which advocates the economy of parts without sacrificing style elegant construction and resistant. Makeblock just launched the accessory kit to convert the plotter in a system Makeblock engraving and laser cutting.

The kit includes a laser 500mw and some pieces for installation on the plotter Makeblock. We also have a couple of wooden planks to make our first tests. You can make prints in a variety of materials (wood, paper, acrylic) and perform laser cutting materials such as foam, colored paper, vinyl, ... The accuracy of track is 0.1 mm, more than enough for most of work.

With a price of 98.50 euros, the laser engraving kit for plotter (whose price is 295 euros) has a stunning painting. I will hide credit cards, the temptation to get me one is really strong.

Additionally, if you need to purchase the desktop DIY Laser kit, you could search at Banggood, which is one of the wholesale platform to provide you the low prices, such as, 2500mW DIY Laser kit, 5500mW DIY Laser kit, 1600mW DIY Laser kit, etc. Different sizes for your actual need. 

Modular programming

Modular programming works on the principle of "divide and conquer". It is necessary to understand. Modular programming involves organizing the program as a set of independent blocks of small size, referred to as modules, behavior and the structure of which fully follow certain principles. It is convenient to divide the use of the concept of "module", when given a syntactic unit of a programming language and when we speak of a unit of crushing a large program into several blocks, which can be implemented in the form of procedures and functions. The use of modular programming makes it possible to simplify the testing program and the timely detection of errors. It is possible to strictly separate the hardware-dependent task from other subtasks that will improve the mobility of the created programs. Time-critical modules can be altered separately, which significantly simplifies the process and makes the efficiency much higher. In addition, modular programming much easier to understand because the modules can be used effectively as building blocks in other programs. 

The term "module" has been used in programming with the introduction of modular approach when writing programs. In the seventies, module called some function or procedure that was written according to certain rules. Because at that time there was formed of the generally accepted requirements, a module called any procedure, whose size was up to fifty lines. Parnassus were formed the first specified requirements for the module: "To form one module should be sufficient most a minimum of knowledge about the content of the other." Turns out, that Parnas first introduced the concept of information hiding in programming. His definition leads us to the fact that the module can be called any single procedure as the lowermost and the uppermost level of the hierarchy. Securely hide information could not be provided through the use of structures existing at the time, as they were exposed by the global variables, and their behavior in complex programs it is very difficult to predict. It was necessary to create the design that is isolated from these variables. It is called a module, and based on it originated and modular programming.

Initially it was assumed that implementation of complex software systems can be performed when using the module along with the functions and procedures in the quality of structures and hiding the implementation details of a particular subtask. But in Turbo Pascal was not fully implemented modular programming. This language doesn't support internal modules, import is not easily implemented as it allows to import objects from other modules. The combined influence of this circumstance with the fact that with the proliferation of personal computers significantly increased the number of people programming that has lowered the average level of theoretical training, has resulted in the development of application modules was used as a means of problem creating libraries of functions and procedures. Only qualified programmers used the full power of the language constructs for the structuring of all objects.

If you look at the Pascal modules from the point of view of the programmer, the amount thereof shall be determined by decomposing the task into a number of subproblems, independent of each other. In the limiting case, the module can be used to conclude only one procedure, if required, to prevent local action that she is, was completely independent from the influence of other parts of the program when changes to the project code.

Additionally, if you need some of the Arduino SCM and 3D printer accessories, you could search at Banggood, which is one of the wholesale platform to provide you the low prices. Such as, 7 inch lcd display, arduino mega starter kit, etc. 

Engraver electric multi-function tool

Electric engravers are small grinders with the more familiar title of the milling cutter. In a convenient body of elongated shape placed electric motor and rotating the cartridge, which formalise the working nozzle. Pressing the start button, you start the rotation snap. The speed of rotation can reach several tens of thousands rpm.

Depending on the nozzle you can perform all sorts of operations: grinding; drilling; milling; grinding. Differences from shlifmashiny Feature of the milling cutter is processing small-sized products. It is indispensable for working in hard to reach places. Compact engraver allows labels, small restoration works, to make Souvenirs.

Flexible shaft for hard to reach places Flexible shaft is simply a long hose in the middle of which there is a rope. At one end it is attached to the working part of the device, is attached on another attachment. When you turn on the tool torque is transmitted to the snap via a bendable shaft. The flexible shaft is ease of use an electric Engraver to keep is harder than the flexible shaft. Bendable shaft easy, you can clasp your fingers and work like a ballpoint pen. Agree, the way is quite familiar. Working this tooling, you can perform a finishing product, apply a very thin designs and small lettering.

Select the engraver on the Power output is the efficiency of work performance. For use on wood or plastic powerful tool is not needed. It will be enough 100-160 watts. For engraving of inscriptions requires only 35 watts. Preference high-capacity (300 W) we must pay when choosing cutters for stone, metal, glass blanks. We must remember that the more powerful the tool, the harder electric engraver. Reviews those who use this product, mostly positive.

Additionally, if you need some of the electronic maintenance and repair tools, you could search at Banggood, which is one of the wholesale platform to provide you the low prices. Such as, glass breaker keychain, hho welding torch, etc. 

What is the electromagnetic coupling? The use and repair

Coupling the transmitter rotating power from one shaft end to another. This device is available in most electric motors to distribute mechanical energy. Universal coupling design does not exist. It can have various shapes and design features.

The clutch is electromagnetic, like any other, is a compound of the following parts: leading, gathering on the motor power; a slave that transmits this power on to the regulator.

If these parts are to be joined, not moving, you get the item constantly connecting. In the automotive industry widely used clutch, two main parts which are under electric and magnetic fields.

Because of this there is a connection to the engine without the use of mechanical power, it also gives the ability to connect to independent of each other positions. Sometimes the electromagnetic clutch allows the adjustment of the rotational frequency in the control system. 

When the winding serves a DC voltage, the formation of the current, which forms the actuating flow. It takes place in the ferromagnet and the magnetization of the latter, it creates a magnetized particle chains.

There is in the direction of the magnetic field and its lines of force. The resulting force of attraction from the chains and holds together the parts of the coupling. Coupling strength depends on the amount of current which flows through the chains. With increased exposure of current is a glut of material, a coupling force decreases, thus, it is possible to create an element with slippage.

It is also used to maintain the temperature during the cold season, especially if the fan. It helps to reduce fuel consumption by reducing power on the fan drive. Additionally, if you need some of the machinery parts, you could purchase at Banggood, which is one of the wholesale platform to provide you the low prices. Such as, high torque gear motor, mist coolant system, etc. 

Control and measuring instruments and appliances: types and principle of operation

All production involves the use of instrumentation. They are needed in everyday life: agree, difficult to do during the repair without the simplest of measuring devices such as ruler, tape measure, caliper, etc. let's talk about what are the measuring tools and instruments, what are their fundamental differences and where to use certain types. 

Measuring tools and instruments are divided into groups depending on the method of presenting information. So, there are recording and indicating instruments. The first is characterized by the fact that it can record readings in memory. Often used recording devices that print their own data. The second group is designed exclusively for control in real time, i.e. during the reading of the operator must be near the appliance. Also control and measuring instruments are classified according to the method of measurements:

1. direct action – transformation of one or more units without comparison of the same value; 

2. comparative measuring tool is intended for comparing the measured value with the known. 

What are the devices on the presentation of evidence (analog and digital), we've already figured out. Also classify the measuring instruments and appliances other settings. For example, there are summing and integrating, and stationary panel, normalized and nonnormable devices.

So we talked to you about what is a control and measuring instruments. As you can see, all different from each other and have completely different scope. Some are used in meteorology, other engineering, and others – in the chemical industry. However, they have one goal – to measure readings, record them and control the quality. This is advisable to use precision measuring tools. But this option contributes to the fact that the device becomes complicated, and the measurement process depends on many factors.

Additionally, if you need some of the electronic measuring tools, you could choose at Banggood, which is one of the wholesale platform to provide you the low prices. Such as, stainless steel key holder, steelyard scale, etc. 

Amateur CNC Machine For Home Use

Recently, among the craftsmen it is becoming increasingly popular use of CNC (computer numerical control, CNC) for use in household purposes. As is current time, almost everyone has a personal computer, desktop or laptop, and can only add executive vnesheyuyu mechanics, electronics, control of the mechanics of the computer and software, and as a result amateur Homebrew receives a machine that can throw the execution of highly accurate, and time-consuming routine work in the field of modeling, electronics, graphics, etc. Many people want to be armed with such stanochki. 

But, well, if an amateur hobbyists has a strong background in the theory and experience in the manufacture of precision mechanics and electronics and are able to calculate itself, to design and manufacture an amateur machine for their own purposes. But not everyone is a task on the shoulder. And even with a good theoretical knowledge and the skills and experience of manufacturing electronic devices, diy run into the machine mechanics. Without home stanochkov turning and milling metal, it is simply impossible in the home to make the necessary mechanical parts of the machine. In order to produce an inexpensive amateur stanochek, it is necessary to seek out damaged old typewriters, printers, scanners, etc. that on the basis of their mechanics to build something for their own purposes. But as a rule stanochki collected from "scrap" does not have the necessary rigidity, precision, and sometimes there comes disappointment and chavstvo pity for the time spent and work.

Additionally, if you need some of the machinery parts, you could purchase at Banggood, which is one of the wholesale platform to provide you the low prices. Such as, waterproof button switch, windshield repair drill bits, etc. 

ESP8266 WIFI Development Board For Arduino Module Board Enthusiasts

Do you like to DIY the Arduino module boards? If your answer is yes, then this article is benefit for you. Because I will share you one kind of cheap price and easy operation Arduino module board here. It is one kind of wifi development board, even the novices can handle it. Then, let me tell you some of its detailed information.

ESP8266 ESP-12E is one kind of WIFI development board that built-in TCP / IP protocol stack to support multiple TCP Client connections (5 MAX). And it supports STA / AP / STA + AP three operating modes. Besides, it supports UART / GPIO data communication interface and smart link smart networking. 

Moreover, supporting remote firmware upgrade ( OTA ) function, it allows you to upgrade it to a new chip of CH340 since 2015/10/1. This one features various version software appliances, so it has a wide range use. And it contains the serial number and identification CH34X monitoring CH34X equipment swap library. The driver address is here: http://en.doit.am/CH341SER.zip. 

If you wanna search the optimization performance wifi transceiver, you could take a consideration upon ESP8266 ESP-12F. Compared with ESP8266 ESP-12E, it takes new breakthrough of four-layer board design, which used the new revision antenna RF performance optimization to increase communication by 30% to 50%. If you take no higher demands upon the module board, you could choose the former. 

These two products both can be purchased at Banggood. If you take no higher demands upon the wifi transceiver, ESP8266 ESP-12E should be one of the good choice. And this one has 10Pcs ESP8266 ESP-12E wifi transceiver product can be reached via Banggood, which costs in a low price of $ 23.6. 

Digital ammeters and voltmeters

Ammeters are devices that are used to determine the strength of current in the circuit. Digital modifications are made on the basis of Comparators. Accuracy they differ. It is also important to note that the devices can be installed in circuits with both constant and alternating current. Design type distinguished panel meters, portable and built-in modifications. The appointment is pulsed and phase-sensitive devices. In a separate category highlighted selective models. In order to study in more detail in the devices, it is important to know the device ammeter.

Conventional digital ammeter circuit includes a comparator together with resistors. To convert the voltage applied to the microcontroller. It is most commonly used with reference diodes. Stabilizers are installed only in the selective modifications. To increase the accuracy of measurements used broadband filters. Phase devices are equipped with transceivers.

To collect digital ammeter with your hands is quite difficult. Primarily this will require a qualitative comparator. Parameter sensitivity must be not less than 2.2 microns. The minimum resolution required it to maintain at the level of 1 mA. The microcontroller in the device is set with a reference diode. The display system attached to it through the filter. Further, in order to collect digital ammeter with your own hands, you need to install the resistors. Most often they're getting dial-up type. The shunt in this case should be the comparator. The division ratio of the device depends on the transceiver. If we talk about a simple model, it uses a dynamic type. Modern devices are equipped with high-precision analogues. The constant current source can be conventional battery Li-ion type. 

The resistors used in the device is a dial-up type. The stabilizer in this case is not provided. The triode has only one. Directly current conversion is pretty fast. For home use, this device fits well. Filters to increase the accuracy of the measurement provided.

If we talk about the parameters of the voltmeter–ammeter, it is important to note that the operating voltage is 12 V. the current Consumption in this case is equal to 0.5 A. the Minimum resolution of the presented device is 1 mA. Shunt resistance is around 2 Ohms.

The division ratio of the voltmeter-ammeter is only 0.7. Maximum resolution of this model is 15 mA. The process of the current conversion takes about 340 MS. Permissible error specified device is located at the level of 0.1 %. The minimum pressure the system can withstand a 12 kPa.

Additionally, if you need some of the electronic digital multimeters, you could search at Banggood, which is the wholesale platform to provide you the low prices. Such as, PEAKMETER PM2018A, UNI-T UT251A, etc.